การจอดเรืออย่างปลอดภัย: วิธีผูกเรือเข้ากับท่าลอยน้ำ

การแนะนำ

Tying a rope is not the only process that is involved in docking a boat, as it is a complex activity. It is important to understand the right method of how to secure a boat to a floating dock to avoid any mishap. This guide will explain the process and the techniques to follow to secure your boat and the specificities of floating docks. This article will help you to understand how floating docks work and how they can be affected by water levels and weather conditions so that you can be better prepared to protect your boat.

สำหรับผู้ที่เพิ่งเริ่มเล่นเรือหรือผู้ที่เล่นเรือมาเป็นเวลานาน การรู้วิธียึดเรือให้แน่นหนาเป็นสิ่งสำคัญมาก ท่าเทียบเรือลอยน้ำ ซึ่งเป็นท่าเทียบเรือที่สร้างขึ้นให้ลอยน้ำได้และสามารถเคลื่อนย้ายได้ตามกระแสน้ำนั้นแตกต่างจากท่าเทียบเรือแบบคงที่ ในคู่มือนี้ คุณจะได้เรียนรู้วิธีผูกเรือเข้ากับท่าเทียบเรือลอยน้ำที่ถูกต้อง และวิธีการผูกเรือในสถานการณ์ต่างๆ เพื่อให้เรือของคุณปลอดภัย

ทำความเข้าใจเกี่ยวกับท่าเทียบเรือลอยน้ำ

Floating docks are structures that are flexible in that they change their position about the water level, and this makes them suitable for areas with large tidal fluctuations. It is important to understand these docks to enable the right docking of boats. In contrast to fixed docks, floating docks are always at the same level to the boat, which minimizes the risk of damaging the boat under water level changes. However, this mobility also means that securing your boat involves not only the movement of the dock but also the tie-up methods that take into consideration the change in the water level and the weather conditions.

หากคุณเข้าใจวิธีการสร้างท่าเทียบเรือลอยน้ำและการทำงานของท่าเทียบเรือ รวมถึงส่วนบนของเสาเข็มและฐานของเดือยยึด คุณก็จะสามารถเตรียมตำแหน่งและผูกเรือได้ดีขึ้น ความรู้ดังกล่าวไม่เพียงแต่ช่วยให้คุณยึดเรือและยึดเรือไว้กับท่าเทียบเรือลอยน้ำได้เท่านั้น แต่ยังช่วยให้เรืออยู่กับที่อย่างมั่นคงไม่ว่าระดับน้ำจะขึ้นหรือลงเท่าใด ซึ่งเป็นสาเหตุที่เจ้าของเรือหลายคนจึงนิยมใช้ท่าเทียบเรือประเภทนี้

เตรียมตัวผูกเรือของคุณ

Essential Equipment Checklist:

• Bow Lines: These tail ropes keep the boat secured to the dock and prevent it from drifting away. The length should be 1.5 times the size of the boat. For small boats (less than 20 feet), a rope with a 3/8 inch diameter is ideal, while medium-sized boats (20-40 feet) should use 1/2 inch diameter rope. Large boats greater than 40 feet should use 5/8 inch or thicker diameter rope.
• Stern Lines: These boats come with Stern Lines to secure the back of the boat so it does not move away from the dock. The recommended length and diameter are the same with bow lines.
• Fenders: These serve as cushions for the boat to prevent it from hitting the dock or other boats.
  • Quantity Recommendation: At least 2-3 fenders for boats less than 20 feet, 3-4 for 20-40 feet, and 4 or more for boats greater than 40 feet
  • Size Recommendation: Fender size depends on the beam of the boat; it should be roughly 1 inch for every 10 feet of the boat’s beam. As an example, if the fender is to be used for a boat with a beam of 20 feet, then the fender diameter should be approximately 2 inches. Also, it is noted that larger fenders are needed for larger boats.
• Cleats: These are metal devices mounted both on the dock and on the boat that are used to attach mooring ropes. Confirm that appropriate and sufficient cleats are positioned on the bow, stern, as well as the starboard and port sides of the boat.
• Spring Lines: These enable movement of the boat in forward and backward directions but can also be handy when it is windy or choppy. Two spring lines should be used: one from the bow to a stern docked into a cleat and another from a stern cleat toward a bow cleat. The spring lines should be long enough to provide some slack post-mooring.
• Boat Hook: A tool used for gripping lines or aiding the captain in steering the boat into position as it nears the dock.

มาตรการความปลอดภัยก่อนเริ่มต้น

The concerns listed below have to be checked before anything is done regarding safety before beginning mooring:

• Check Weather and Water Depth: Get weather conditions, the wind direction, wind speed, and current weather. Make sure that the berth waters are deep enough to float your boat.
• Check Boat Cleats: Make sure that the boat cleats on the bow, stern, and the sides of the boat are well fastened with no signs of slack, loosening, or wear.
• Check Dock Cleats: If it’s susceptible, check for the rest of the area that the cleats on the dock are well set. If it raises any concerns, ask the marina’s personnel.
• Check the Mooring Lines: Check to ensure that all the mooring lines are free from shredding, cutting, or tangling. Of great importance is the most optimal length that fulfills your requirements.
• Prepare Fenders: Place fenders on both sides of the boat at areas that may make contact with the dock elevation and ensure they are well inflated.
• Wear Life Jacks: Every single passenger has to wear life vests when it is time to moor the boat.
• Discuss Safety Steps: All people on board should know beforehand all the details that pertain to mooring the vessel, reasons for the safety measures, and inform all on the procedures that are set to be carried out.

คู่มือทีละขั้นตอนในการผูกเรือของคุณ

ขั้นตอนที่ 1: เข้าใกล้ท่าเรืออย่างช้าๆ

When approaching a floating dock, ensure that you are as slow as possible and that you can slow down further. This minimizes the chances of crashing into the dock and gives the driver a chance to make any corrections as he nears the dock. Control the forward movement of your boat to make sure it is properly positioned to dock. Consider the direction of the wind and the flow of water. This is a crucial step in the docking process as it lays the foundation for an efficient and safe connection.

ขั้นตอนที่ 2: ยึดเชือกท้ายเรือให้แน่นก่อน

เริ่มเทียบท่าโดยผูกเชือกท้ายเรือเข้ากับเดือยยึดที่ท้ายเรือหรือท้ายเรือ เชือกนี้มีความสำคัญในการจัดการการเคลื่อนที่ถอยหลังของเรือและเพื่อให้แน่ใจว่าเรือจะไม่ลอยออกจากท่า ตรวจสอบให้แน่ใจว่าเชือกได้รับการยึดและยึดอย่างแน่นหนา และคุณใช้ปมที่ถูกต้อง เช่น เชือกผูกเดือยยึด การยึดเชือกท้ายเรืออย่างถูกต้องมีความสำคัญ เนื่องจากจะช่วยยึดเรือของคุณได้ทันทีและป้องกันไม่ให้เรือลอยไปในขณะที่คุณยึดส่วนที่เหลือไว้

ขั้นตอนที่ 3: ติดสายธนู

เมื่อผูกท้ายเรือแล้ว ขั้นตอนต่อไปคือการเชื่อมต่อสายหัวเรือเข้ากับที่ยึดด้านหน้าของเรือ สายนี้ใช้เพื่อช่วยพยุงด้านหน้าของเรือและทำให้เรืออยู่ใกล้กับท่าเทียบเรือ ขันหรือคลายสายหัวเรือเพื่อให้แน่ใจว่าเรือยังคงขนานกับท่าเทียบเรือ การจัดตำแหน่งนี้ยังช่วยให้เรือนิ่งในขณะเดียวกันก็ช่วยให้ขึ้นเรือหรือลงจากเรือได้ง่ายและปลอดภัยยิ่งขึ้น

ขั้นตอนที่ 4: ปรับสายให้เหมาะกับกระแสน้ำและลม

Once both the bow and stern lines are in place, you should adjust them according to the current and wind conditions. This could involve pulling or letting out the ropes to keep the boat steady and not rub against the dock. One should make these changes frequently, especially when the weather is different. Properly adjusting the lines guarantees that your boat remains well-anchored at the dock to avoid any damages or risks.

ประเภทของปมที่ใช้ในการยึดเรือของคุณ

ปมโบว์ไลน์

ปมโบว์ไลน์เป็นที่นิยมโดยเฉพาะในการเทียบท่า เพราะจะสร้างห่วงที่คงที่ซึ่งไม่สามารถเคลื่อนที่ได้แม้จะมีแรงตึง ห่วงนี้เหมาะอย่างยิ่งสำหรับการเชื่อมต่อกับเสาเข็มหรือที่ยึดของท่าเทียบเรือ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในสถานการณ์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับท่าเทียบเรือนิ่ง ความแข็งแรงของปมโบว์ไลน์คือทำง่ายและสามารถคลายออกได้ง่ายแม้จะมัดแน่น นี่คือเหตุผลที่ปมโบว์ไลน์มีประโยชน์มากในกรณีที่คุณอาจต้องคลายหรือคลายปมระหว่างการจอดเรือเป็นเวลานาน นอกจากนี้ ความน่าเชื่อถือยังทำให้เป็นทรัพย์สินที่มีค่าสำหรับเรือขนาดใหญ่ รับประกันว่าเรือของคุณจะผูกอย่างถูกต้อง แต่ยังเข้าถึงและปรับแต่งได้ง่ายในกรณีฉุกเฉิน

ตะขอเกี่ยว

The cleat hitch is an important knot for securing a boat at the dock. It is simple to do and very effective in maintaining the boat’s stability even when conditions are shifting waters. To tie a cleat hitch, take the line around the base of the cleat and finish with a half hitch that will lock it in place. Unlike other knots, which are not easy to untie, it is easy to undo this one and make use of it as quickly as possible when untying their boats from tight or complicated ones. The ease with which it can be used, coupled with its expediency, makes the cleat hitch a must-have in maritime practices when docking a boat anywhere. Its reliability and simplicity have made it one of the standard procedures for any docking situation. Using appropriate knots like the cleat hitch is among the best practices, especially when securing a boat to a dock piling.

คัฟฮิทช์

Another important knot that is useful when tying boats to the docks is the clove hitch, especially when it is required to make frequent changes to the length of the rope. This knot is straightforward: it entails placing the rope around the cleat or piling in a crossing pattern and placing the end of the rope under the last turn. The reason why the clove hitch is preferred by most of the boaters is because it is very easy to make and release especially when it is loaded. This characteristic makes it suitable for conditions where adjustments or releases of the line are frequently required. Although the clove hitch is a very useful knot for temporary mooring, it is not as stable as the bowline knot and cleat hitch and should be checked frequently if it is used for long periods or in conditions where there is a lot of movement.

การดูแลรักษาเรือผูกของคุณ

Proper maintenance of your boat’s docking system is crucial for its longevity and safety while tied to a floating dock. Regular checks and proactive measures can prevent damage and ensure your vessel remains securely moored.

Regular Inspection Checklist

It is recommended to perform the following checks regularly, ideally weekly and after any significant weather events:

• Mooring Lines:
  • Check for Wear: Examine all mooring lines (bow, stern, and spring lines) for fraying, cuts, discoloration, stiffness, or any signs of weakening. Pay close attention to areas that experience friction, such as where the lines pass through chocks or around cleats. Replace any worn or damaged lines immediately.
  • Flexibility: Ensure lines remain flexible enough to accommodate tidal changes and dock movement, especially with floating docks.
  • Proper Knots: Verify that all knots are securely tied and appropriate for the task (e.g., cleat hitch).
• Fenders:
  • Positioning: Guarantee that fenders are identified correctly to provide coverage to all sections of the vessel at risk of collision with the dock or other vessels.
  • Inflation: Ascertain that fenders are buffered to nominal levels of inflation. Adjustments may be required to provide proper backup cushioning.
• Cleanliness: Prevent fenders from marking your boat’s hull by keeping them clean.
• Cleats and Hardware:
  • ความปลอดภัย: Check if all the cleats, chocks, and other mooring hardware on the boat’s side, and the dock’s side (if reachable) are tightly secure and free from corrosion or damage.
  • Correct Cleat Capture: Ensure that all mooring lines are properly captured and cleated without undue stress, which makes slippage likely.

Adapting to Different Weather Conditions

Alter your mooring arrangement relative to the weather conditions you expect or encounter:

Strong Winds:

• Add Extra Lines: Additional lines should be set, particularly on the exposed side of the vessel. These lines should be arranged in a crisscross fashion.
• Adjust Fender Placement: Ensure fenders are positioned to protect from possible movement and striking other areas of the dock.
• Fender Positioning: In cases where movement is expected, fix fenders so they can cushion any contact with various sections of the dock.
• Tighten Lines Appropriately: The slack on the mooring line should be adjusted and removed so that excessive floating movements are not permitted.

Heavy Rain:

While rain does not affect mooring more than water being poured on an object, ensure your boat cover and water outlet systems are working optimally to avoid ponding. Watch out for deck surfaces that have water on them while getting on or off the boat, as they can be slippery.

Large Surges or Waves:

• Enable Movement: Slacken the mooring lines a bit so they will be able to take the force of the waves and surges without snapping.
• Consider Longer Lines: It could be easier for cleats if more slack was available because stress will be less.
• Increase Fenders: Additional impact protection will come from increased fender number as well as the size of those fenders.

Long-Term Docking Considerations

If you intend to moor your boat for a long duration:

• Inform Other Marina Personnel: Advise the management at the marina if you leave the boat unattended for an extended time.
• Covers for Line Protection: Lines and finish on the boat will deteriorate with time as a result of UV radiation exposure. Think of applying protective coverings to the lines as well as protective coatings on the boat.
• Anode used for Protection: Other hardware like cleats will require regular checking along with lubrication to prevent saltwater corrosion. If it is reasonable, think of employing these screws made of zinc alloys.
• Clean Covers: Regular marine cleanup will be required as growth over time can impact performance and cause possible damage to the hull.
• Check Bilge and Battery: Conduct routine checks on the battery’s charge level as well as the functionality of the bilge pumps, particularly if the boat will be left unattended for extended periods.
• Lock and Secure: Ensure proper measures are put in place to secure the yacht and its contents.

Moor with Ease and Dock Securely with Hiseadock Floating Docks

As you saw in securing the stern line, reliable mooring is critical for your boat’s safety. This is exactly why Hiseadock floating dock systems have been designed. After a decade of manufacturing, we now use highly advanced Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic with UV inhibitors, and our products are sturdy, impact resistant, and anti-aging.

The dock’s shape and size can be tailored to different types of boats because of our modular design. This allows seamless integration with your yacht, sailboat, or motorboat. Hiseadock floating docks are also safe and stable, dissipating wave energy while withstanding harsh environments and typhoons (depending on installation). The rounded corners and non-skid surface of the floating docks provide a safeguard for the users during docking. Best of all, Hiseadock docks are virtually maintenance-free, saving you time.

You are gaining more than a top-quality floating dock when you choose Hiseadock. Invest in long-term reassurance for your boat. Our clients from over 80 countries trust us.

Worry less during every docking experience today by exploring the exceptional benefits that Hiseadock floating docks offer!

บทสรุป

Learning how to secure a boat to a floating dock is a basic skill that any boat owner should know. It is, therefore, important to understand how floating docks work and then use the right equipment and methods to secure your boat in the right manner. Of course, do not forget that proper care of your equipment and constant tracking of your boat’s location are as crucial as the actions described above. From this guide, you are now well prepared to deal with different docking situations and make your boating more enjoyable and safe for your vessel.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

• How can I moor my boat more safely in strong winds or currents?

Under severe weather conditions, it is better to use additional mooring lines. Using crossed mooring lines may be more effective. Fenders should be put at every place the boat can come into contact with the dock. Regularly check the tightness of the mooring o and, if necessary, adjust them. In case the wind or current is too strong, looking for a more sheltered area temporarily might become necessary.

• What should I be aware of when the marina is very crowded?

Space to operate is limited in busy marinas, so approach at a very low speed. Observe and plan your approach for the docking route, keeping a safe distance from the nearby boats. Some assistance from fellow crew members could be important, too. Avoid pivoting your boat into other berths and ensure your mooring lines do not become caught in the lines of other boats.

• What should I do if my mooring lines are too short or too long?

Mooring lines need to be maintained at a specific length. If the lines are too short, the vessel will be able to move relative to the water level but will be restricted in accommodating changes in dock movement. Conversely, if the lines are too long, the vessel will have excessive sway. Ideally, the lines should be short enough so that the boat does not collide with the dock or other vessels, but long enough to permit unrestricted movement of the vessel under normal conditions. In case of inappropriate lines, it is best to replace them with more suitable ones. Temporarily, one can alleviate the situation with rope adjusters or change the mooring position to fit a lengthened line

• How can I prevent my boat from rubbing against the dock while moored?

Rubbing can be prevented by the effective placement and usage of fenders. Confirm that a sufficient number and size of fenders are placed on both sides of the boat at all possible contact points with the dock. Make sure that the appropriate placement of the fenders is maintained, especially during windy or wavy weather. Several boaters have additional protection from rubbing using rub rails or dock edging.

• Do I need to pay special attention to tidal changes when mooring on a floating dock?

Of course. In regions with a tide, it’s crucial to check that all your mooring lines have enough slack to allow the boat to rise and drop with the tide without any pulling or excessive looseness. Frequently check the mooring lines and tighten them as necessary depending on the tide.

• Is it difficult to moor to a floating dock single-handedly? Are there any tips?

Single-handed mooring can be more challenging, but with some methods, it can be simplified. Start by organizing everything ahead of time, such as fenders and docking lines. Maintain a careful and slow approach toward the dock. Secure one mooring line first (a stern line works best) as this will allow better control of the vessel’s movement, and then proceed to secure the rest. Use the onboard equipment supplied (winches, thrusters) to assist in maneuvering. Consider using a mooring hook to secure the far lines more easily. The more you practice, the better you will get.